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II. Hadrat Hasan said: Hadrat Ibn
Abbas preached the people towards the end of Ramadan, standing on the pulpit
(in the mosque) of al-Basrah. He said: “Bring forth the sadaqah relating to
your fast.” The people, as it were, could not understand. “Which of the
people of Medina are present here? Stand for your brethren, and teach them,
for they do not know” said Hadrat ibn ‘Abbas. He further added: “The
Messenger of Allah prescribed this sadaqah as one sa' of dried dates or
barley, or half a sa' of wheat payable by every freeman or slave, male or
female, young or old.” When Hadrat Ali came (to Basrah), he found that the
price had come down. He said: “Allah has given prosperity to you, so give
one sa' of everything (as sadaqah).” [Sunan
Abi Dawood - Book on Zakah, Volume 1, page 229]
III. Hadrat ‘Abdullah ibn
Tha’laba or Tha’laba ibn ‘Abdullah (narrator cannot recall exactly what the
name was) ibn Abu Saghir, who narrates from his father that the Messenger of
Allah said, “One sa' of wheat is enough from every two; young or old;
freeman or slave; male or female. Those of you who are rich will be purified
by Allah, and those of you who are poor will have more than they gave
returned by Him to them.” [Sunan Abi
Dawood - Book on Zakah, Volume 1, Page 228]
IV. Hadrat ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas
reported that the Messenger of Allah prescribed Sadqatul Fitr, so that the
fasts (kept throughout the month of Ramadan) may be purified from any
falsehood, wrongdoing or evil talk, and (at the same time) it shall assist
to feed the poor and the needy. [Sunan Abi
Dawood - Book on Zakah, Volume 1, Page 227]
V. Hadrat ‘Amr ibn Shu’aib
reports from his father, who reports from his grandfather that the Holy
Prophet sent a person that he calls out loud in the streets of Makkah al-Mukarramah
that Sadaqat ul Fitr is Wajib (necessary) upon every muslim male or female;
freeman or a slave; young or old. [Sunan
Tirmidhi - Book on Zakah, Volume 1, Page 146]
1. Sadaqa-e-Fitr is Wajib upon
such a person who owns assets, which equal the value of the Nisab. Such
individuals should give Sadaqa-e-Fitr on their behalf and on behalf of their
children, if they do not own assets equal to the value of Nisab. Yes,
however, if the children do own assets which are equal to or more than the
Nisab limit, then the Sadaqa-e-Fitr shall be given from their own wealth.
[al-Durr al-Mukhtar, Bahar-e-Shari’at]
2. The owner of Nisab in the
ruling as regards Sadaqa-e-Fitr is such a person who has 7 ½ Tola gold (93
grammes 312 milligrammes,) or 52 ½ Tola silver (653 grammes 184 milligrammes),
or their equivalent value in money or any other form of asset. Or, one owns
business or non-business stock equivalent to that value, and these goods are
additional to the basic necessities of living (Hajat-e-Asliyyah).
3. For the Sadaqa-e-Fitr to
become Wajib it is not necessary that one has fasted. Therefore, if anyone
did not fast due to any excuse valid in the eyes of the Islamic Law; such as
one is a musafir (travelling to a destination which is at a distance of
approximately 57 ½ miles or 92 kilometres), or is ill such that his illness
shall become worse if he fasts, or because of weakness caused by old age, or
– Allah forbid! – one did not keep the fasts due to any non-valid reason,
then the Sadaqa-e-Fitr is still Wajib upon the person.
[Radd al-Muhtar – Vol. 2 Page 76 and
Bahar-e-Shari’at]
4. If the father is so poor (that
he cannot give his own Sadaqa-e-Fitr let alone on behalf of his children,)
or has passed away, then it is Wajib on the grandfather to give
Sadaqa-e-Fitr on behalf of his grandchildren.
[al-Durr al-Mukhtar]
5. If one wants to give anything
besides wheat, barley, dates or raisins; for example, rice, millet or any
other linseed, then the price of 1 sa’ of wheat or ½ sa’ of barley should be
taken into consideration.
6. In terms of weight, one Sa’ is
four pounds, six and a half ounces (4lb 6.5 oz) and half a Sa’ is two
pounds, three and a quarter ounces (2lb 3.25 oz).
7. It is Mustahab (act of great
reward) to give the Sadaqa-e-Fitr on the morning of Eid day (after the
beginning time for Fajr), before going to the Eidgah to perform the Eid
prayer. [Fatawa-e-‘Alamgiri – Vol. 1, Page
180]
8. It is permissible to give
Sadaqa-e-Fitr prior to the month of Ramadan or in Ramadan before the day of
Eid. [Fatawa-e-‘Alamgiri – Vol. 1 Page 179
and al-Durr al-Mukhtar]
--
Extracted From
Anwaar al-Hadith, Page 146 to 148
by Hadrat Allama Mufti Jalal al-Din Qadiri al-Amjadi
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